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为了推动暗物质物理全国重点实验室的创新发展，现启动2025年度暗物质物理全国重点实验室（以下简称“实验室”）自主课题申报工作，鼓励并资助实验室相关成员聚焦暗物质与原子/中微子/电磁场等相互作用、暗物质的大尺度行为等方向，开展前沿科学研究、关键技术攻关等工作。
一、申报要求
1. 申请人根据指南自主选题，明确背景需求，提出研究目标、研究内容、研究路线、技术指标与考核方式。
2. 申请人一般应为具有博士学位或高级专业技术职称的研究人员。申请人应充分了解国内外相关研究领域发展动态，能主导所申请课题的研究工作。
3. 2025年度自主课题面向对象为实验室相关成员，资助标准理论研究一般不高于20万元/项，实验研究一般不高于30万元/项，研究期限为18个月；申请人应做好经费预算，据实申报；对申报材料的真实性负责，不得有违背科研诚信要求的行为。
4. 自主课题形成的研究成果归实验室所有，并应标注实验室署名（中英文）“暗物质物理全国重点实验室资助”（Supported by State Key Laboratory of Dark Matter Physics）。
二、申报方式
1. 申报人按模板填报申请书（请复制以下网址并通过浏览器打开，下载附件模板）：
https://tdli.sjtu.edu.cn/announcement/15356
于2025年6月20日前将电子版申请书（word版本和签字盖章版PDF扫描件）邮件发送至dm-phys-lab@sjtu.edu.cn（文件命名方式：自主课题-申报单位-姓名-题目）。同时需提交签字盖章版申请书至实验室管理办公室（双面打印、简单装订、一式3份），逾期不予受理。
2. 实验室收到申请材料后，将组织开展评审工作，通过后予以立项资助。
三、实验室管理办公室联系方式
联系人：张老师，18217325905
联系地址：上海市浦东新区李所路1号S527室
四、自主课题指南
1-1 在PandaX探测器中，不同类别的暗物质候选粒子均可能与氙原子核发生相互作用。当动量转移较高时，将引发原子核非弹性激发。需建立普适的理论处理框架：该框架应能兼容各类相互作用形式，并基于核结构计算对级联信号进行具体预测。
1-2 具有理论创新性且可产生独特实验信号的暗物质模型研究。聚焦超越传统WIMPs/轴子/惰性中微子范式的新型理论模型。需预测其搜索策略与唯象学特征（如信号特征/事件率/能谱分布），并与实验团队保持密切协作。重点开发可供李政道研究所实验团队验证的理论模型。
1-3 开展银河系晕动力学与局部质量/速度分布的前沿研究（含丰富子结构及大麦哲伦云效应），为直接探测提供输入参数。同时需构建视线方向暗物质密度/速度分布模型，以支持间接探测研究。
1-4 基于低能宇宙线反原子核的暗物质间接探测：需开展暗物质湮灭/衰变及天体物理过程产生反原子核的理论计算，重点评估强子化与聚结过程的不确定性。建议同步开发低能反物质的宇宙线银河系传播模型及太阳调制效应模型。
2-1 在液氙探测器及其他稀有事件探测实验中，对β衰变本底的全面评估至关重要。 精确理解本底计数及能谱分布特征对提高暗物质搜索及无中微子双β衰变实验的灵敏度具有关键作用。需重点关注Kr-85、Ar-39、Pb-212/Bi-212、Pb-214/Bi-214的β衰变能谱，以及宇生Xe-137。建议对这些β衰变能谱形状开展精细计算，需综合考虑辐射修正效应、原子交换效应、原子屏蔽效应等因素。
2-2 基于中微子数据的理论探讨（包括利用李政道研究所旗舰探测器或李政道研究所合作实验获取的双β衰变能谱），以研究暗物质与中微子相互作用或关联的多个方面。例如，计算新型双β衰变机制的矩阵元，尤其是与暗物质相关的衰变模式。
2-3 针对TRIDENT探测器开展银河中心暗物质湮灭/衰变信号的灵敏度研究，并扩展至奇特暗物质结构（如尖峰和超致密微晕）的分析。建议结合理论依据充分的物理模型开展研究，并与PandaX实验形成互补研究。
2-4 研究超高能宇宙射线与中微子的多信使联合探测方法，重点关注从活动星系核（AGN）到地球的致密环境中，它们与暗区的相互作用。
2-5 探索DarkSHINE实验对电子-核轫致辐射过程的精确测量潜力，以探测超出标准模型的新物理效应。尤其需关注信号建模/产生研究，以及通过偶极矩相互作用产生惰性中微子对的DarkSHINE模拟。
3-1 理论探索具有特殊空间模式的激光与等离子体相互作用，通过光束-光束对撞或光束-等离子体尾波场作用产生轴子的研究。通过理论和数值模拟找到能够显著增强激光到轴子转换效率的方案，并给出其优于现有国际上的光穿墙实验方案的优势，包括轴子的可探测能量范围，轴子-光子相互作用强度范围，以及实验开展所需的激光和等离子体条件，为今后的实验验证提供设计方案。
3-2 针对超强激光等离子体尾波场作用产生轴子的方案，实验探索米级的等离子体通道形成的方案和超强激光导引、以及尾波激发技术。给出米级等离子体通道形成条件，在李政道研究所实验室天体物理平台上建成光导引装置，开展光导引实验研究；给出影响拍瓦激光导引的因素，激光导引的品质，包括导引激光的空间模式演化，能量透过率等。
3-3 针对超强激光等离子体尾波场作用产生轴子的方案，探索利用光穿墙的方式进行单光子探测的研究。在李政道研究所实验室天体物理研究平台上建设真空环境下，背景光子噪音极低的米级长度，特斯拉级磁场强度的二级磁铁组，用于轴子-光子转换，并给出单光子探测的设计方案。
4-1 研发JUST光谱仪的一维光谱提取软件。针对JUST光谱仪，研发实现本底扣除、平场、波长定标、抽谱、拼接、天光背景扣除等全链条处理功能的一维光谱提取软件。
4-2 星系团暗物质分布研究。结合星系测光/光谱巡天、CMB巡天、X射线等数据，构建星系团样本；结合弱引力透镜、动力学等效应测量星系团物质分布。
4-3 基于DESI光谱巡天的宇宙物质分布初条件模拟。基于DESI巡天z<0.5光谱星系样本，重构70亿光年距离内宇宙（普通物质+暗物质）物质分布的初条件，该分布将作为后续模拟的初条件，再现70亿光年内的物质分布及其在百亿年内的演化。
Calls for proposals of lab-directed internal research projects for State Key Laboratory of Dark Matter Physics, 2025
To promote the innovative development of the State Key Laboratory of Dark Matter Physics, the laboratory (hereinafter referred to as "the Lab") is now calling for proposals for 2025 lab-directed Internal research projects. The initiative encourages and supports Lab-affiliated researchers in conducting cutting-edge scientific research and key technological research & development, with a focus on areas such as interactions between dark matter and atoms/neutrinos/electromagnetic fields, and large-scale behavior of dark matter.
Application Requirements
1. Applicants should independently select topics based on the guidelines, clearly define research backgrounds and needs, and propose research objectives, content, methodology, technical indicators, and evaluation criteria.
2. Applicants should generally hold a Ph.D. or senior professional technical title. Applicants should have a thorough understanding of domestic and international research developments in the relevant field and be capable of leading the proposed research project.
3. The 2025 internal research projects are open to Lab-affiliated members. The funding amount for theoretical research is generally no more than 200,000 CNY per project, and for experimental research no more than 300,000 CNY per project, with a research period of 18 months. The application should be truthful, with a detailed budget.
4. Research outputs generated from the funded internal research projects shall belong to the Lab. All publications and results must include the acknowledgment of "Supported by the State Key Laboratory of Dark Matter Physics."
Submission Guidelines
1. Applicants shall fill in the application form according to the template (copy and open the link to download the attachment)：
https://tdli.sjtu.edu.cn/en/announcement/15357
and send the electronic version of the application (the Word version and the signed and stamped PDF scan) by email to dm-phys-lab@sjtu.edu.cn before June 20, 2025. Meanwhile, the signed and stamped hard copy of the application shall be submitted to the Management Office of the Lab (double-sided printing, in triplicate). Late submissions will not be accepted.
2. Upon receipt of application materials, the Lab will organize and conduct the review process. Approved projects will be formally established and funded.
Contact Information of Management Office
Contact：Dr. Zhang, 18217325905
Address: Room S527, 1 Lisuo Road, Pudong New Area, Shanghai
Internal Research Project Guidelines
1-1 Various dark matter could interact with xenon nucleus in the PandaX detector. When the momentum transfer is high, inelastic nuclear excitation will happen. A general theoretical treatment is needed, which can take a generic type of interaction, use nuclear calculation to give a specific prediction of the cascade signal.
1-2 Unique and theoretically motivated models (other than the usual suspects: WIMPs/axion/sterile nu) that can produce unique signatures in the experiment. The search strategy and the phenomenology (e.g. signature/rate/spectrum) should be predicted, and closely communicated with the experimentalists. Focus on testable theories that can be performed by TDLI experimenters.
1-3 An updated state-of-arts evaluation of the galactic halo dynamics and local mass/velocity distribution, including rich substructures and Large Magellanic Cloud, as the input for the direct detection. Also need the line-of-sight DM density/velocity profile for indirect detection.
1-4 DM indirect detection with low-energy cosmic-ray antinuclei: theoretical calculations of antinucleus production via the dark matter annihilation/decay and astrophysical process are needed, with an emphasis on uncertainties from the hadronization and coalescence process. It would be ideal to also produce a model of cosmic-ray galactic propagation and solar modulation for low energy anti-matter.
2-1 A comprehensive evaluation of beta decay backgrounds in liquid xenon detectors and other rare-event search experiments is essential. Precise understanding of background counts and spectral shapes proves critical for enhancing sensitivity in dark matter searches and neutrino-less double beta decay experiments. Particular attention should be given to the beta decay spectra of Kr-85, Ar-39, Pb-212/Bi-212, and Pb-214/Bi-214, as well as cosmogentically activated Xe-137. We call for a detailed calculation of those beta decay spectrum shapes, taking in account of radiative corrections, atomic exchange effects, atomic screening effects, and etc.
2-2 Theoretical discussions of using neutrino data, including DBD spectrum (using TDLI flagship detectors or TDLI experimenters collaborate on), to access various aspects of dark matter and neutrino interactions or relations. For example, calculation of matrix elements of novel double beta decay schemes, especially schemes related to dark matter.
2-3 Perform sensitivity study for TRIDENT on DM annihilation and decay signals in Galactic Centre. Extend with analysis on exotic DM structures (spikes and Ultracompact mini-halos). Support this with theoretically well-motivated models and complementarity with PandaX.
2-4 Examine multi-messenger approach of Ultra-High-Energy (UHE) cosmic rays and neutrinos, with focus on interactions with dark sector in dense environments, from AGN to Earth.
2-5 Explore potentials of DarkSHINE precise measurements of electron-nucleon bremsstrahlung processes to probe beyond standard model effects. In particular for the studies of signals modelling/generation and DarkSHINE simulation for Sterile neutrino pairs produced via dipole moment interactions.
3-1 Theoretical Research: Explore the interaction between a laser with a specific spatial mode and plasma, and investigate axion generation through beam-beam collisions or the interaction between the laser beam and plasma wakefields. Through theoretical analysis and numerical simulations, identify a scheme that can significantly boost the conversion efficiency from laser energy to axions. Compare this scheme with existing international light-shining-through-wall experimental setups, focusing on aspects such as the detectable axion energy range, the axion-photon coupling factor, and the required laser and plasma conditions. Provide a design blueprint for future experimental validation.
3-2 Experimental Research on Plasma Channel and Laser Guiding: For the axion generation scheme via ultra-intense laser-plasma wakefield interaction, experimentally study the formation of a meter-scale plasma channel, the guiding of the ultra-intense laser, and wakefield excitation techniques. Determine the formation conditions for the meter-scale plasma channel, construct a light guidance device on the laboratory astrophysics platform of the Tsung-Dao Lee Institute, and conduct experimental research on light guidance. Analyze the factors influencing petawatt laser guiding and guiding quality, including the spatial mode evolution of the guided laser and energy transmittance.
3-3 Experimental Research on Single-Photon Detection: For the same axion generation scheme, explore single-photon detection using the light-shining-through-wall method. Build a secondary magnet group with a meter-scale length and a Tesla-level magnetic field strength in a vacuum environment with extremely low background photon noise on the laboratory astrophysics research platform of the Tsung-Dao Lee Institute. This magnet group will be used for axion-photon conversion. Additionally, provide a design scheme for single-photon detection.
4-1 Development of 1D Spectral Extraction Software for the JUST Spectrograph. For the JUST spectrograph, develop 1D spectral extraction software with full-chain processing capabilities, including background subtraction, flat-field correction, wavelength calibration, spectrum extraction, stitching, and sky background subtraction.
4-2 Research on Dark Matter Distribution in Galaxy Clusters. Construct a galaxy cluster sample using data from photometric/spectroscopic surveys, CMB surveys, X-ray observations, etc. Measure the mass distribution of galaxy clusters by combining weak gravitational lensing, dynamical effects, and other methods.
4-3 Reconstruction of the initial matter distrubtion within 7 billion light years using DESI Spectroscopic Survey. Using the DESI spectroscopic survey galaxy sample (z < 0.5), reconstruct the initial conditions of cosmic (ordinary and dark matter) mass distribution within 7 billion light-years. This will be used for future numerical simulations as the initial condition to reproduce the distribution and evolution of cosmic matter over this scale.
